Hinge.



- P TE TED APR. '2 1908. R. G. WINTER. A N

I HINGE. APPLICATION IILED MAR. 20, 1906;

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

RUDOLPH G. WINTER, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

HINGE Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 20, 1906.

Patented April '7, 1908.

Serial No. 306,952.

and embodies an improved form of the gravity-hinge described and claimed in my Patent No. 785,143, granted March 21, 1905, partly also as described in my concurrent application No. 264,396, filed June 9, 1905.

he object of my present invention is to construct the hinge so that itwill run more easily and frictionlessly than the hinges previously invented, by so arranging the camsurfaces that they shall be set apart at a distance from the pintle or pivot of the hinge, and in other ways as will be understood from the following description. I aim more particularly to produce a practical form of double-acting hinge suitable for swingingdoors, such as are customarily used in vestibules, bars and like laces so as to entirely replace the use of springs or other means for causing the door to shut.

My hinge may best be understood from a consideration of the following description thereof, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation of the upper portion of a door and frame, showing a o'uble-acting hinge according to my invention applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same hinge on an enlarged scale in the closed position of the door; Figs. 3 and 4 are front elevations of the respective hingeleaves separately; Fig. 5 is a plan view of the .hinge, Fig. 6 shows a form of the cam-curve and cooperating lug developed upon a plane; Fig. 7 is a cross-section on the line 7 of Fig. 1 through the upper part of the door-frame and door; Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are respectively a side, a front and a plan view of a singleacting hinge according to my invention In these drawings every reference letter refers always to the same part.

Describing first the double-acting form, in Fig. 1 the door is designated A and the doorjamb B, and the respective hinge-leaves a and b. The hinge-leaf b is herein shown as the fixed leaf and is provided with two pintlelugs c and d, which carry the pintle or bolt e of the hinge; while the swinging-leaf a has a single central pintle-lug with a longitudinal ,erforation through which the bolt 6 passes.

ach leaf is provided with screw-holes g for securing it to the door or frame. Opposite the lug f on the leaf a is a cam-lug h, which, as shown, is sloped or pitched downwardly on each side. Cooperating with this lug on the hinge-leaf a, and carried by the pintle-lug f thereof, is a fin 'i, the form of which is, generally speaking, a double helicoid, described about the bolt 6 as a center, and it has the cam surface y' on its underside Which rests upon the lug h. The form of the cam-surface j is best shown in Figs. 4- and 6. It in reality comprises two helicoidal surfaces which come together at the center, which is hollowed out as at 7c sufficiently so that this central point does not touch the lug h, but when the door isin closed position as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, the lug h supports the oblique helicoidal flanks of' the surface Also the lower ends of the surface are more steeply pitched than the-intermediate part, as shown; and at its ends, which represent an opening of the hinge of about 90 in either direction, the surface j is replaced by two oppositely sloping surfaces m.

When the door is opened, it will be readily seen that gravity actlng u on the cooperating cam-lug h and cam-su ace 3' tends 1n any position to throw it into the central or closed osition, and when in the closed position the orce tending to hold it closed and prevent it from opening slightly is positive and greater than when it is partly open. The greater obliquity of the surface j at the ends thereof also tends to give the door a'more rapid aoceleration when it is widely open and thus to close it in about the same time as if it Was less widely 0 en, and should the door be i opened more t an 90, so that the cam-lug it passes off the surface j, it thereupon runs upon the surface m, and the latter, being of opposite obliquity, tends to open the door further and swin it back, thus acting as a top to bottom with the exception of the lace occu ied by the hinges, and I also preer to fill t e space between the lower in c and the hi it by a web 0, and the space etween the n i and the u per lug d by a web which is made thin at the edge so as not to interfere with the turning and lifting of the fin i. The top edge, of the door is lower than the lintel by the amount of rise of the door in o ening, and the intervening space is fille with a thin strip '0, which has an oblique bevel w; while the up er edge of the door is also obliquely bevele at g. This construction enables the door to operate freely, yet leaves no open space when the door is closed. I have also herein shown a novel construction of bolt 6 with means for preventing its risin out of place. The hinge-lug d is provided with an undercut shoulder 1 under which the edge of the bolt-head 8 projects, so that it cannot ordinarily rise from its position. To enable the bolt to be inserted, one side is flattened as at t and the bolt may also be provided, if thought desirable, with a nick u so as to enable it to be rotated by a screwdriver when set in place until the flat t no longer registers with the shoulder r.

The single-acting form of hinge shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 embodies the same principles but is for use with doors which open in one direction only. The hingeleaves a and b are here formed somewhat differently than the leaves of the other form so that their bases lie in the same lane for attachment on the inner faces of t e door and jamb respectively. The hinge-leaf b carries the pintle-lugs c and d, and the hinge-leaf a, carries the pintle-lugf, which swings on the intle e passin through all of said lugs. The pintle-lug 7 carries a helicoidal fin t which has on its lower side the cam-surface this cam surface coming to a point at its lower or front end as shown at as, and beyond that distance being replaced by a camsurface m which slopes in the opposite direction. On the leaf 6 there is a web 0 connecting the pintle-lugs c and d and having near the center thereof opposite the lug f a rojecting cam-lug h which serves as a rest or the fin i and conforms to the shape of the cam-surfaces j and m, in like manner to the lug h in the previous form. It will be seen that the action is similar in both cases, for when the door is swung open, the leaf 0/ (here assumed to be the swinging-leaf) revolving on the pintle c is raised until the point 0: passes over the top of the lug h, and the surface m, then tends to swin the door further open. The surface 3" shou d, in like -manner to the surface 3', be more steeply pitched at its ends than in the center as shown. This form of hinge shows also a different arrangement for holding the pintlee" in place, the shoulder '1" being replaced by an upwardl pro'ecting snug 1" which prevents the pint e 6 rom rotatin by engaging the side of a flat t formed on t e head 8 thereof.

I do not wish it understood that my invention is limited to the use of all the above described features and constructions, for some may be omitted and others may be varied or modified in various ways, as will readily ocour to those skilled in the art. It will of course be understood, for example, that the two leaves can be reversed so that the leaf a is the fixed and the leaf b the swinging leaf, in which case the bolt 6 would be inserted from the op osite side and the lug c rovided with a shou der 1", or both lugs c an d might be provided with such shoulder for alternative use. The bevels g and w might be straight instead of oblique, and so on.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A gravity-acting hinge comprising a hinge-leaf having a pair of pintle-lugs at the ends thereof, a pmtle mounted on said lugs, a second hinge-leaf having a central pintle-lu pivoted and longitudinally movab e on sai pintle, a helicoidal fin projecting radially around said central lug and having a camsurface, and a cam-lug carried by said firstnamed leaf and coacting with said surface.

2. A gravity-acting hinge comprising a hinge-leaf having a pair of pintle-lugs at the ends thereof, a pintle mounted in said lugs, a second hinge-leaf having a central intle-lu pivoted and longitudinally movabfe on-sai pintle, a helicoi al cam-lug projecting radially around the exterior of said central lug and having a cam-surface, a cam-lug carried by said first-named leaf and coacting with said surface, and an oppositely slo ing camsurface on the extremity of said liellcoidal lug corresponding with the wide-open position of the door whereby to maintain the door in said open position.

3. A gravity-acting hinge, comprising a hinge-leaf having a pair of pintle-lugs at the ends thereof, a pintle mounted in said lugs, a second hinge-leaf having a central pintle lug of substantially cylindrical form centrally perforated to receive said intle and pivoted and longitudinally movab e thereon, a helicoidal fin projecting radially around said central lug and having a cam surface on its lower side, and a cam-lug carried by said first-na1ned leaf and coacting with said camsurfacZ. h

4. gravit -actin in e, com rising a hinge-leaf haviiig a p ir of pintle-lugs at the ends thereof, a pintlemounted in said lugs, a second hinge-leaf having a central cylindrical pintle-lug perforated to receive said pintle and pivoted and longitudinally movable thereon, a fin projecting radially from the cylindrical surface of said central lug and having its middle portion horizontal and its tWo end-portions helicoidal in opposite direc- 5 tions, the under side of said fin forming a camsurlace, and a horizontally projecting lug eX- tending from the approximate center of said first-narned leaf and having its upper surface of reverse V-section and coacting with the earn-surface of said helicoidal fin.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this seventeenth day of March, 1906. RUDOLPH G. WINTER. In presence of- I LORENZ F. WAGNER, GEORGE W. COLLES. 

